{"id":37874,"date":"2024-03-06T17:20:26","date_gmt":"2024-03-06T16:20:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/prvni-lide-prisli-do-evropy-pred-14-milionu-let-pres-ukrajinu\/"},"modified":"2024-07-17T10:11:58","modified_gmt":"2024-07-17T08:11:58","slug":"the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago\/","title":{"rendered":"The first humans came to Europe 1.4 million years ago"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.24.2″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

\n

The oldest currently known human occupation of Europe lies near the town of Korolevo in western Ukraine. New findings by an international team led by Roman Garba from the Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Institute of Archaeology of the CAS, Prague, have confirmed that the lowermost layer with the stone tools at Korolevo dates to 1.4 million years ago. Until now, the earliest inhabited location was thought to be Atapuerca in Spain, some 200,000 to 300,000 years later. The results, published today in Nature<\/em><\/a>, also show that early hominins took advantage of warm interglacial periods to colonise Europe from the east or southeast. A recent advance in mathematical modelling combined with applied nuclear physics has enabled the precise dating of the Korolevo\u2019s earliest occupation. John Jansen<\/a> from GF\u00da, Surface Processes and Palaeoclimate<\/a> team, and PhD student Lotta Yl\u00e4-Mella were involved in determining the age of the sediments containing the stone tools.
<\/strong><\/p>\n

The four-year long research project involved scientists from five countries and more than ten research institutions from around the world.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

The new study changes the view of the dispersal routes of the \u201cfirst Europeans\u201d and fills in the missing piece of the mosaic of what we know about the history of the first peopling of Europe. The Korolevo site, in present-day Zakarpattia Oblast (Transcarpathia), near Ukraine\u2019s borders with Romania and Hungary, is also believed to be the northernmost known occurrence of Homo erectus<\/em> in the world. The Korolevo site contains only stone tools, but due to their determined age, it is assumed that H.\u00a0erectus <\/em>occupied Europe by this time.<\/p>\n

\u201cOur earliest ancestor, H. erectus<\/em>, was the first of the hominins to leave Africa about two million years ago and head for the Middle East, East Asia, and Europe. The radiometric dating of the first human presence at the Korolevo site not only fills in a large spatial gap between the Dmanisi site in Georgia and Atapuerca in Spain, but also confirms the hypothesis that the first pulse of hominin dispersal into Europe came from the east or southeast,\u201d the lead author of the study, Roman Garba from the Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the Institute of Archaeology of the CAS in Prague, sums up the research findings. \u201cBased on a climate model and field pollen data, we have identified three possible interglacial warm periods when the first hominins could have reached Korolevo following most likely the Danube River migration corridor,\u201d Garba adds.<\/p>\n

The prehistoric archive of Europe<\/strong><\/p>\n

The archaeological site of Korolevo is important for Europe as a whole. \u201cWe know that the layer of\u00a0accumulated loess and palaeosol here is up to 14 metres deep and contains thousands of stone artefacts. Korolevo was an important source of raw material for their production,\u201d explains Vitalii Usyk, a Ukrainian archaeologist and co-author of the study who took part in the excavations at\u00a0Korolevo and now works at the Institute of Archaeology of the CAS in Brno. \u201cWe identified seven periods of human occupation in the stratigraphic layers although at least nine different Palaeolithic cultures were recorded in the locality: hominins lived here from 1.4 million years ago to about 30,000 years ago,\u201d the researcher adds.<\/p>\n

The discovery shows the importance of integrating know-how from distant scientific disciplines to learn about the past. Without the knowledge and technological capabilities of nuclear physics and geophysics, archaeologists would not have been able to conclusively confirm that the stone tools dated to this early period.<\/p>\n

Cosmic clock for human history<\/strong><\/p>\n

The cobble-sized clast samples from the lowermost cultural layer of the Korolevo site were chemically processed by researchers from the Czech Republic and Germany and measured at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) using the DREAMS (DREsden AMS) facility. In 2022, the Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS opened an AMS laboratory in \u0158e\u017e, making it now possible to carry out similar measurements in the Czech Republic.<\/p>\n

Burial-dating methods using cosmogenic nuclides can date rocks as old as five million years. \u201cAt the Korolevo site, we specifically measured the concentrations of cosmogenic nuclides beryllium-10 and aluminium-26 which have different half-lives, 1.39 million years and 708 thousand years respectively. These nuclides accumulate in the quartz grains when the rock is at the surface due to cosmogenic radiation from the space, but they begin to decay when they become buried in the ground. The ratio of the two varies according to how long the clasts were buried beneath the ground surface,\u201d explains Roman Garba, an archaeologist who uses applied nuclear physics methods in his research. \u201cThis allows us to calculate their age since burial.\u201d<\/p>\n

New dating approach implemented for the very first time in archaeology<\/strong><\/p>\n

Determining the age of sediments containing the stone tools fell to the geochronological expertise of\u00a0John Jansen from the Institute of Geophysics of the CAS, and Mads Knudsen from Aarhus University, Denmark.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe applied two complementary dating approaches to calculate the age from the measured concentrations of cosmogenic beryllium-10 and aluminium-26. But the most precise age came from our own method based on mathematical modelling, known as P-PINI. This study is the first time our new dating approach has been applied in archaeology,\u201d John Jansen says. \u201cI expect our new dating approach will have a major impact on archaeology because it can be applied to sedimentary deposits that are highly fragmented, meaning there are lots of erosional gaps. In archaeology we nearly always find fragmented records, whereas the traditional long-range dating method, magnetostratigraphy, relies on more continuous records.\u201d<\/p>\n

The research was carried out on the basis of an agreement signed between the Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS and the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The project was supported by the European Commission (Horizon 2020, RADIATE, No. 824096), the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_019\/0000728 and LM2018120), the Czech Science Foundation (22-13190S), and the Charles University Grant Agency (310222).<\/p>\n

In addition to the Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, the Institute of Geophysics of the CAS, and the Institutes of Archaeology of the CAS in Brno and Prague, the Czech research institutions involved were the Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology of the Faculty of Science, Charles University and the Czech Geological Survey. Regarding the international involvement of institutions, it is necessary to mention the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (Germany), Aarhus University (Denmark), Department of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University (Melbourne, Australia), and Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Kyiv, Ukraine).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.24.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Publication:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Garba, V. Usyk, L. Yl\u00e4-Mella, J. Kamen\u00edk, K. St\u00fcbner, J. Lachner, G. Rugel, F. Veselovsk\u00fd, N.\u202fGerasimenko, A. I. R. Herries, J. Ku\u010dera, M. F. Knudsen & J. D. Jansen. East-to-west human dispersal into Europe 1.4-million-years-ago.<\/strong> Nature <\/em>627. (2024) DOI: 10.1038\/s41586-024-07151-3
https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-024-07151-3<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n

Contact information (Czech institutions):<\/strong><\/p>\n

John Jansen<\/strong>, Ph.D.
Institute of Geophysics of the CAS
jdj@ig.cas.cz<\/p>\n

Ing. Mgr. Roman Garba<\/strong>, Ph.D.
Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS and Institute of Archaeology of the CAS, Prague
garba@ujf.cas.cz<\/p>\n

Vitalii Usyk<\/strong>, Ph.D.
Institute of Archaeology of the CAS, Brno
vitaly.i.usik@gmail.com<\/p>\n

RNDr. Franti\u0161ek Veselovsk\u00fd<\/strong>
Czech Geological Survey
frantisek.veselovsky@geology.cz<\/p>\n

Ing. Jan Kamen\u00edk<\/strong>, Ph.D.
Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS
kamenik@ujf.cas.cz<\/p>\n

Prof. Ing. Jan Ku\u010dera<\/strong>, CSc.
Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS
kucera@ujf.cas.cz<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][wpmf_gallery_divi theme=”slider” items=”37822,37824,37830,37834,37836,37838,37840,37842″ size=”large” _builder_version=”4.24.2″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/wpmf_gallery_divi][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.24.2″ _module_preset=”default” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

Photogalery:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Archaeological site Korolevo I (Gostry verkh) in 2023. PHOTO: Roman Garba
A stone artefact, the so-called polyhedron. PHOTO: Roman Garba
Archaeological site Korolevo I (Gostry verkh) in 2007. PHOTO: Vitalii Usyk
Archive photo from the 1984\u20131985 Transcarpathian Palaeolithic Expedition. Source: Archaeological Institute of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences Kyiv
A map of where the first humans may have come to Europe with significant radiometrically dated sites in Spain, France, Turkey, Georgia and the Middle East. Source. Map base based on GEBCO data
Stone tools from the oldest cultural layer VII in Korolevo I. Source: Nature (Vitalii Usyk)
Results of dating. Source: Nature<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Prepared in cooperation with Press Office CAS<\/a><\/p>\n

Kate\u0159ina Vor\u00e1\u010dov\u00e1<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The oldest currently known human occupation of Europe lies near the town of Korolevo in western Ukraine. New findings by an international team led by Roman Garba from the Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Institute of Archaeology of the CAS, Prague, have confirmed that the lowermost layer with the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"

Nejstar\u0161\u00ed doposud zn\u00e1m\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 os\u00eddlen\u00ed v Evrop\u011b le\u017e\u00ed nedaleko m\u011bsta Korolevo na z\u00e1pad\u011b Ukrajiny. Prok\u00e1zal to v\u00fdzkum mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho t\u00fdmu pod veden\u00edm<\/strong> Romana Garby z\u202f\u00dastavu jadern\u00e9 fyziky AV \u010cR, dosud se za nejd\u0159\u00edve obydlen\u00e9 m\u00edsto pova\u017eovalo nalezi\u0161t\u011b ve \u0160pan\u011blsku. V\u00fdstupy, kter\u00e9 dnes publikoval \u010dasopis Nature, <\/em>tak\u00e9 dokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee prvn\u00ed lid\u00e9 vyu\u017eili tepl\u00fdch meziledov\u00fdch cykl\u016f a\u202fkolonizovali Evropu z\u202fv\u00fdchodu nebo jihov\u00fdchodu na z\u00e1pad. P\u0159esn\u00e9 datov\u00e1n\u00ed vzork\u016f z\u202fKoroleva umo\u017enily ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 pokroky v matematick\u00e9m modelov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> v kombinaci s aplikovanou jadernou fyzikou<\/strong>.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>

V\u00fdsledky \u010dty\u0159let\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu, na n\u011bm\u017e spolupracovali v\u011bdci a v\u011bdkyn\u011b z p\u011bti zem\u00ed a v\u00edce ne\u017e \u00a0
10 v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch instituc\u00ed z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta v\u010detn\u011b Austr\u00e1lie, pat\u0159\u00ed k t\u011bm, kter\u00e9 p\u0159episuj\u00ed u\u010debnice. Dosavadn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumy toti\u017e datovaly prvn\u00ed os\u00eddlen\u00ed evropsk\u00e9ho kontinentu lidmi o\u202f200 a\u017e 300 tis\u00edc let pozd\u011bji, a to z\u202fn\u00e1lez\u016f ve \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9 Atapuerce.\u00a0<\/p>

Os\u00eddlen\u00ed v\u202fKorolevu v dne\u0161n\u00ed zakarpatsk\u00e9 Ukrajin\u011b, nedaleko hranic Ukrajiny s\u202fRumunskem a\u202fMa\u010farskem, je tak\u00e9 zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 patrn\u011b o nejsevern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zat\u00edm zn\u00e1m\u00fd v\u00fdskyt druhu \u010dlov\u011bka vzp\u0159\u00edmen\u00e9ho (Homo erectus<\/em>) na sv\u011bt\u011b. Lokalita Korolevo obsahuje pouze kamenn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, ale d\u00edky zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9mu st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee zde mohl pob\u00fdvat pr\u00e1v\u011b druh Homo erectus<\/em>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>

Chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed kam\u00ednek: cesta pod\u00e9l Dunaje<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>

Studie m\u011bn\u00ed pohled na migra\u010dn\u00ed trasy \u201eprvn\u00edch Evropan\u016f\u201c a dopl\u0148uje chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed kam\u00ednek v mozaice pozn\u00e1n\u00ed historie os\u00eddlov\u00e1n\u00ed Evropy.\u00a0<\/p>

\u201eN\u00e1\u0161 nejstar\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edch\u016fdce, \u010dlov\u011bk vzp\u0159\u00edmen\u00fd (Homo erectus), jako prvn\u00ed opustil Afriku p\u0159ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b dv\u011bma miliony let a vydal se na Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod, do Asie a\u202fEvropy. Radiometrick\u00e9 datov\u00e1n\u00ed prvn\u00edho os\u00eddlen\u00ed v lokalit\u011b Korolevo zapl\u0148uje nejenom velkou prostorovou mezeru mezi Gruzi\u00ed a \u0160pan\u011blskem s\u202fdoposud nejstar\u0161\u00edmi oblastmi, ale tak\u00e9 potvrzuje hypot\u00e9zu, \u017ee prvn\u00ed vlna os\u00eddlen\u00ed Evropy pronikla z\u202fv\u00fdchodu nebo jihov\u00fdchodu na z\u00e1pad,\u201c <\/em>shrnuje z\u00e1v\u011bry hlavn\u00ed autor studie Roman Garba z \u00dastavu jadern\u00e9 fyziky AV \u010cR a Archeologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu AV \u010cR, Praha. \u201eNa z\u00e1klad\u011b klimatick\u00e9ho modelu a\u00a0pylov\u00fdch dat z\u202fter\u00e9nu jsme identifikovali t\u0159i tepl\u00e1 meziledov\u00e1 obdob\u00ed, ve kter\u00fdch mohli prvn\u00ed lid\u00e9 p\u0159ij\u00edt koridorem pod\u00e9l Dunaje,\u201c<\/em> dopl\u0148uje.\u00a0<\/p>

Prav\u011bk\u00e9 centrum Evropy<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>

Archeologick\u00e1 lokalita Korolevo je v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 v celoevropsk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. \u201eV\u00edme, \u017ee vrstva nav\u00e1t\u00e9 spra\u0161e a paleop\u016fd zde dosahuje hloubky a\u017e 14 metr\u016f a obsahuje tis\u00edce kamenn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f. Korolevo bylo v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm zdrojem suroviny pro jejich v\u00fdrobu,\u201c <\/em>uv\u00e1d\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00fd archeolog a spoluautor studie Vitalii Usyk, kter\u00fd se na vykop\u00e1vk\u00e1ch v Korolevu pod\u00edlel a\u202fnyn\u00ed pracuje v Archeologick\u00e9m \u00fastavu AV \u010cR, Brno. \u201eNa konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm zkouman\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b je zastoupeno sedm \u010dasov\u00fdch \u00fasek\u016f os\u00eddlen\u00ed, a\u010dkoliv na lokalit\u011b je zaznamen\u00e1no nejm\u00e9n\u011b dev\u011bt r\u016fzn\u00fdch paleolitick\u00fdch kultur: lid\u00e9 zde \u017eili od nejstar\u0161\u00edho v\u011bku a\u017e do doby p\u0159ed 30 000 lety,\u201c<\/em> dod\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u011bdec.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>

Objev upozor\u0148uje na d\u016fle\u017eitost spojen\u00ed znalost\u00ed z r\u016fzn\u00fdch v\u011bdn\u00edch obor\u016f pro pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed minulosti. Bez znalost\u00ed a technologick\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed jadern\u00e9 fyziky a geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bd by archeologov\u00e9 sv\u00e9 hypot\u00e9zy nedok\u00e1zali p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u011b potvrdit.\u00a0<\/p>

Kosmick\u00e9 paprsky a jadern\u00e1 fyzika ve slu\u017eb\u00e1ch archeologie<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>

Vzorky kamenn\u00fdch valoun\u016f z\u202fnejstar\u0161\u00ed vykopan\u00e9 vrstvy z nalezi\u0161t\u011b Korolevo byly nejprve chemicky zpracov\u00e1ny a m\u011b\u0159eny v\u011bdci z\u202f\u010cesk\u00e9 republiky a\u202fN\u011bmecka ve v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9m \u00fastavu Helmholtzova centra metodou urychlova\u010dov\u00e9 hmotnostn\u00ed spektrometrie. V roce 2022 obdobnou laborato\u0159 uvedl do provozu t\u00e9\u017e \u00dastav jadern\u00e9 fyziky AV \u010cR v\u202f\u0158e\u017ei, a proto je nyn\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 podobn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed realizovat v\u202f\u010cesk\u00e9 republice.\u00a0<\/p>

Datov\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed kosmogenn\u00edch nuklid\u016f je schopn\u00e9 ur\u010dit st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a\u017e p\u011bt milion\u016f let z velmi mal\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed atom\u016f ve zkouman\u00fdch materi\u00e1lech.<\/em><\/p>

\u201eKonkr\u00e9tn\u011b jsme m\u011b\u0159ili koncentrace kosmogenn\u00edch nuklid\u016f beryllia-10 a hlin\u00edku-26 s r\u016fzn\u00fdm polo\u010dasem p\u0159em\u011bny, postupn\u011b 1,39 milionu let a 708 tis\u00edc let. P\u0159ed p\u0159ekryt\u00edm kamen\u016f vrstvami spra\u0161e a paleop\u016fd vznikly uveden\u00e9 radionuklidy jadern\u00fdmi t\u0159\u00ed\u0161tiv\u00fdmi reakcemi v hornin\u00e1ch \u00fa\u010dinkem sekund\u00e1rn\u00edho kosmick\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se tvo\u0159\u00ed v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e p\u016fsoben\u00edm prim\u00e1rn\u00edho kosmick\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed z vesm\u00edru. Jejich pom\u011br se zm\u011bnil podle toho, jak dlouho byly zkouman\u00e9 kamenn\u00e9 valouny z\u202fKoroleva ulo\u017eeny pod povrchem,\u201c <\/em>vysv\u011btluje Roman Garba, kter\u00fd je archeolog a z\u00e1rove\u0148 se metodami aplikovan\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 fyziky zab\u00fdv\u00e1.\u00a0
\u00a0
Unik\u00e1tn\u00ed datovac\u00ed metody poprv\u00e9 v archeologick\u00e9 praxi<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>

Ur\u010den\u00ed st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed sediment\u016f obsahuj\u00edc\u00edch kamenn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje \u0159e\u0161ili hlavn\u011b John Jansen z Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu AV \u010cR a Mads Knudsen z\u202funiverzity v\u202fd\u00e1nsk\u00e9m Aarhusu.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>

\u201e<\/em>K v\u00fdpo\u010dtu st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed z nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch koncentrac\u00ed kosmogenn\u00edho beryllia-10 a hlin\u00edku-26 jsme pou\u017eili dva vz\u00e1jemn\u011b se dopl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed datovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy. Nejp\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdsledky p\u0159inesla na\u0161e vlastn\u00ed metoda zalo\u017een\u00e1 na matematick\u00e9m modelov\u00e1n\u00ed, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako P-PINI.<\/em> Tento projekt byl jej\u00edm prvn\u00edm vyu\u017eit\u00edm v\u202farcheologick\u00e9m kontextu,\u201c <\/em>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 John Jansen a dod\u00e1v\u00e1: \u201eN\u00e1\u0161 nov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k datov\u00e1n\u00ed by m\u011bl m\u00edt na archeologii velk\u00fd dopad, proto\u017ee ho lze vyu\u017e\u00edt v nesouvisl\u00fdch sledech sediment\u016f, ve kter\u00fdch je hodn\u011b \u010dasov\u00fdch mezer zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch eroz\u00ed. V archeologii v\u011bt\u0161inou pracujeme pr\u00e1v\u011b s nesouvisl\u00fdm \u010dasov\u00fdm z\u00e1znamem, zat\u00edmco tradi\u010dn\u00ed datovac\u00ed metody, jako magnetostratigrafie, spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na del\u0161\u00ed, v\u00edcem\u00e9n\u011b souvisl\u00fd vrstevn\u00ed sled.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0<\/p>

Sou\u010d\u00e1st \u010ceskoslovenska<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>

Objev je spojen t\u00e9\u017e s\u202fned\u00e1vnou histori\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. Archeologick\u00e1 lokalita Korolevo se nach\u00e1z\u00ed asi 150 km vzdu\u0161nou \u010darou od slovensk\u00fdch Ko\u0161ic. V letech 1920 a\u017e 1938 byla sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed b\u00fdval\u00e9ho \u010ceskoslovenska a m\u00edsto neslo n\u00e1zev Kr\u00e1lovo nad Tisou. Prvn\u00ed objevy os\u00eddlen\u00ed ze star\u0161\u00ed doby kamenn\u00e9 na zakarpatsk\u00e9 Ukrajin\u011b uskute\u010dnil \u010deskoslovensk\u00fd archeolog Jozef Skutil.\u00a0<\/p>

V\u00fdzkum byl realizov\u00e1n na z\u00e1klad\u011b smlouvy mezi \u00dastavem jadern\u00e9 fyziky AV \u010cR a Archeologick\u00fdm \u00fastavem N\u00e1rodn\u00ed akademie v\u011bd Ukrajiny podepsan\u00e9 v\u202froce 2021. Projekt podpo\u0159ily Evropsk\u00e1 komise (Horizon 2020, RADIATE, 824096), Ministerstvo \u0161kolstv\u00ed, ml\u00e1de\u017ee a t\u011blov\u00fdchovy \u010cR (M\u0160MT) (CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_019\/0000728 a LM2018120), Grantov\u00e1 agentura \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky \u00a0
(22-13190S) a Grantov\u00e1 agentura Univerzity Karlovy (310222).\u00a0<\/p>

Z \u010desk\u00fdch v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch instituc\u00ed se krom\u011b \u00dastavu jadern\u00e9 fyziky AV \u010cR, Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu AV \u010cR a\u202fArcheologick\u00fdch \u00fastav\u016f AV \u010cR v\u202fBrn\u011b a v\u202fPraze zapojily Katedra fyzick\u00e9 geografie a geoekologie P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9 fakulty UK a \u010cesk\u00e1 geologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba. Ze zahrani\u010dn\u00edch instituc\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 uv\u00e9st Institute of Archaeology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyjev, Ukrajina), Helmholz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (N\u011bmecko), Aarhus University (D\u00e1nsko), Department of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University (Melbourne, Austr\u00e1lie), Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Kyjev, Ukrajina).\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[109,125],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37874","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news-eng","category-research-eng"],"yoast_head":"\nThe first humans came to Europe 1.4 million years ago - Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR, v.v.i.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The first humans came to Europe 1.4 million years ago - Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR, v.v.i.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The oldest currently known human occupation of Europe lies near the town of Korolevo in western Ukraine. New findings by an international team led by Roman Garba from the Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Institute of Archaeology of the CAS, Prague, have confirmed that the lowermost layer with the […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dom\u016f\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/GFUAVCR\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-03-06T16:20:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-07-17T08:11:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Katerina Voracova\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Katerina Voracova\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago\/\",\"name\":\"The first humans came to Europe 1.4 million years ago - Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR, v.v.i.\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-03-06T16:20:26+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-07-17T08:11:58+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/#\/schema\/person\/35ac166fad12e1b9438323cf7d1403e5\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Dom\u016f\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"The first humans came to Europe 1.4 million years ago\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/\",\"name\":\"Dom\u016f\",\"description\":\"Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR, v.v.i.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/#\/schema\/person\/35ac166fad12e1b9438323cf7d1403e5\",\"name\":\"Katerina Voracova\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/author\/voracova\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The first humans came to Europe 1.4 million years ago - Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR, v.v.i.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The first humans came to Europe 1.4 million years ago - Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR, v.v.i.","og_description":"The oldest currently known human occupation of Europe lies near the town of Korolevo in western Ukraine. New findings by an international team led by Roman Garba from the Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Institute of Archaeology of the CAS, Prague, have confirmed that the lowermost layer with the […]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago\/","og_site_name":"Dom\u016f","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/GFUAVCR\/","article_published_time":"2024-03-06T16:20:26+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-07-17T08:11:58+00:00","author":"Katerina Voracova","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Katerina Voracova","Est. reading time":"9 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago\/","url":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago\/","name":"The first humans came to Europe 1.4 million years ago - Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR, v.v.i.","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/#website"},"datePublished":"2024-03-06T16:20:26+00:00","dateModified":"2024-07-17T08:11:58+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/#\/schema\/person\/35ac166fad12e1b9438323cf7d1403e5"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/the-first-humans-came-to-europe-14-million-years-ago\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Dom\u016f","item":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The first humans came to Europe 1.4 million years ago"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/","name":"Dom\u016f","description":"Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR, v.v.i.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/#\/schema\/person\/35ac166fad12e1b9438323cf7d1403e5","name":"Katerina Voracova","url":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/author\/voracova\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37874","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37874"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37874\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39536,"href":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37874\/revisions\/39536"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37874"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37874"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ig.cas.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37874"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}